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rabbit anti mouse pad4 (Proteintech)

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Proteintech rabbit anti mouse pad4

PAD expression in vivo and in vitro after SARS-CoV-2 infection (A) Volcano plot relative to the reanalysis of transcriptomic data from ten studies of healthy lungs and four studies of patients with COVID-19 (Delorey et al.). (B and C) Calu3 cells are infected with 2020B.1 (MOI 0.01), Delta (MOI 0.01), or Omicron (MOI 0.01) SARS-CoV-2 variants, and <t>PAD4</t> (B) and PAD2 (C) mRNA are assessed by RT-qPCR. Data are normalized to the housekeeping gene PGK1 and expressed as mean fold change ±SEM over mock-infected cells of three independent experiments. ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, and ∗∗∗ p < 0.001; one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s post-test. (D) Protein lysates from Calu3 infected with SARS-CoV-2 (2020B.1 variant, MOI 0.1 PFU/cell) or uninfected cells (mock) at different hours post-infection (hpi) are analyzed for citrullinated proteins using an Rh-PG citrulline-specific probe (left panel) or an anti-CCP antibody (right panel). Samples are subjected to gel electrophoresis, and SARS-CoV-2 infection is confirmed using an anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S SARS-CoV-2) antibody. β-actin is used as a loading control. One representative blot of three independent experiments is shown. (E) Volcano plot depicts host (gray dots) and viral (red dots) citrullinated proteins of SARS-infected vs. mock-infected cells at 48 hpi (2020B.1 variant, MOI 0.1 PFU/cell). The x axis represents the ratio of citrullination between mock and infected cells at the indicated time points, while the y axis indicates the statistical significance. Both variables are plotted on a logarithmic scale ( n = 3). (F) PANTHER classification of over-citrullinated cellular proteins based on protein classes.

Rabbit Anti Mouse Pad4, supplied by Proteintech, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 5 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/rabbit+anti+mouse+pad4/PADI4+Fusion+Protein/pmc12966709-549-36-40
Average 94 stars, based on 5 article reviews

rabbit anti mouse pad4 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10

94/100 stars

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1) Product Images from "Targeting peptidyl-arginine deiminase 4 suppresses SARS-CoV-2 replication and modulates the inflammatory response"

Article Title: Targeting peptidyl-arginine deiminase 4 suppresses SARS-CoV-2 replication and modulates the inflammatory response

Journal: iScience

doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2026.115038

Figure Legend Snippet: PAD expression in vivo and in vitro after SARS-CoV-2 infection (A) Volcano plot relative to the reanalysis of transcriptomic data from ten studies of healthy lungs and four studies of patients with COVID-19 (Delorey et al.). (B and C) Calu3 cells are infected with 2020B.1 (MOI 0.01), Delta (MOI 0.01), or Omicron (MOI 0.01) SARS-CoV-2 variants, and PAD4 (B) and PAD2 (C) mRNA are assessed by RT-qPCR. Data are normalized to the housekeeping gene PGK1 and expressed as mean fold change ±SEM over mock-infected cells of three independent experiments. ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, and ∗∗∗ p < 0.001; one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s post-test. (D) Protein lysates from Calu3 infected with SARS-CoV-2 (2020B.1 variant, MOI 0.1 PFU/cell) or uninfected cells (mock) at different hours post-infection (hpi) are analyzed for citrullinated proteins using an Rh-PG citrulline-specific probe (left panel) or an anti-CCP antibody (right panel). Samples are subjected to gel electrophoresis, and SARS-CoV-2 infection is confirmed using an anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S SARS-CoV-2) antibody. β-actin is used as a loading control. One representative blot of three independent experiments is shown. (E) Volcano plot depicts host (gray dots) and viral (red dots) citrullinated proteins of SARS-infected vs. mock-infected cells at 48 hpi (2020B.1 variant, MOI 0.1 PFU/cell). The x axis represents the ratio of citrullination between mock and infected cells at the indicated time points, while the y axis indicates the statistical significance. Both variables are plotted on a logarithmic scale ( n = 3). (F) PANTHER classification of over-citrullinated cellular proteins based on protein classes.

Techniques Used: Expressing, In Vivo, In Vitro, Infection, Quantitative RT-PCR, Variant Assay, Nucleic Acid Electrophoresis, Control

SARS-CoV-2 infection affects protein citrullination by modulating PAD expression in vivo (A and B) PAD4 and PAD2 mRNA expression in mouse lungs (A) and brains (B) assessed by RT-qPCR. Each dot represents an individual mouse sample ( n = 6). Data are normalized to the housekeeping gene β-actin and presented relative to one randomly selected non-infected sample. Data represent mean ± SEM. Statistical significance is determined using non parametric t test, ∗ p < 0.05. (C) Western blot analysis of protein lysates from pooled uninfected (mock) and SARS-CoV-2-infected (6 dpi, Delta variant) mouse lungs and brains. The analysis is performed using antibodies against PAD2, PAD4, and β-actin, the latter to ensure equal loading. A representative blot from three independent experiments is shown. (D) Multiplex immunofluorescence staining for the detection of SARS-CoV-2-targeted cells in mouse brains and lung sections at 6 dpi and mock control. S SARS-CoV-2 protein, PAD2, and PAD4 positive signals are represented in green, pink, and yellow, respectively. Cell nuclei are visualized by DAPI (blue). Original magnification 20×. (E) Quantification of PAD2-and PAD4-positive cells is performed using the inForm Image Analysis software (Akoya Biosciences). For each mouse ( n = 6), one representative section is analyzed to determine cell density (cells/mm 2 ). Data represent mean ± SEM. Statistical significance is determined using non parametric t test, ∗ p < 0.05. (F) Volcano plot shows citrullinated proteins in pooled protein lysates from SARS-CoV-2-infected vs. mock-infected mouse lungs at 6 dpi. Lysates are incubated with biotin-PG to isolate citrullinated proteins on streptavidin agarose, followed by on-bead tryptic digestion and LC-MS/MS analysis. Each dot represents an identified citrullinated protein. The x axis shows the citrullination ratio between mock and infected samples, and the y axis indicates statistical significance, both on a logarithmic scale ( n = 3). (G) PANTHER classification of over-citrullinated cellular proteins based on protein classes.

Figure Legend Snippet: SARS-CoV-2 infection affects protein citrullination by modulating PAD expression in vivo (A and B) PAD4 and PAD2 mRNA expression in mouse lungs (A) and brains (B) assessed by RT-qPCR. Each dot represents an individual mouse sample ( n = 6). Data are normalized to the housekeeping gene β-actin and presented relative to one randomly selected non-infected sample. Data represent mean ± SEM. Statistical significance is determined using non parametric t test, ∗ p < 0.05. (C) Western blot analysis of protein lysates from pooled uninfected (mock) and SARS-CoV-2-infected (6 dpi, Delta variant) mouse lungs and brains. The analysis is performed using antibodies against PAD2, PAD4, and β-actin, the latter to ensure equal loading. A representative blot from three independent experiments is shown. (D) Multiplex immunofluorescence staining for the detection of SARS-CoV-2-targeted cells in mouse brains and lung sections at 6 dpi and mock control. S SARS-CoV-2 protein, PAD2, and PAD4 positive signals are represented in green, pink, and yellow, respectively. Cell nuclei are visualized by DAPI (blue). Original magnification 20×. (E) Quantification of PAD2-and PAD4-positive cells is performed using the inForm Image Analysis software (Akoya Biosciences). For each mouse ( n = 6), one representative section is analyzed to determine cell density (cells/mm 2 ). Data represent mean ± SEM. Statistical significance is determined using non parametric t test, ∗ p < 0.05. (F) Volcano plot shows citrullinated proteins in pooled protein lysates from SARS-CoV-2-infected vs. mock-infected mouse lungs at 6 dpi. Lysates are incubated with biotin-PG to isolate citrullinated proteins on streptavidin agarose, followed by on-bead tryptic digestion and LC-MS/MS analysis. Each dot represents an identified citrullinated protein. The x axis shows the citrullination ratio between mock and infected samples, and the y axis indicates statistical significance, both on a logarithmic scale ( n = 3). (G) PANTHER classification of over-citrullinated cellular proteins based on protein classes.

Techniques Used: Infection, Expressing, In Vivo, Quantitative RT-PCR, Western Blot, Variant Assay, Multiplex Assay, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Control, Software, Incubation, Liquid Chromatography with Mass Spectroscopy

PAD4 inhibition blocks SARS-CoV-2 protein and genome synthesis (A) Relative viral RNA quantification in cell extracts from SARS-CoV-2-infected Huh7.5 (left) or Calu3 (right) cells (MOI 0.1) treated with GSK199 (20 μM), BB-Cl (5 μM), or DMSO, determined by comparative RT-qPCR. Values are expressed relative to vehicle-treated samples and normalized to the housekeeping gene PGK1. Data represent mean ± SEM from three independent experiments and are analyzed by t test. ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, and ∗∗∗ p < 0.001. (B) Western blot analysis of viral protein expression in Huh7.5 and Calu3 cells, either mock-infected or infected with SARS-CoV-2 (MOI 0.1) and treated with GSK199 (20 μM), BB-Cl (5 μM), or DMSO. One representative blot from three independent experiments is shown. (C) Schematic representation of infection and treatment protocols used for the viral entry inhibition assay. (D) Viral entry assay on VERO-E6 (left) and TMPRSS2-rexpressing VERO-E6 (right) infected with VSV-Spike GFP (MOI 1). GFP-positive infected cells are microscopically counted, and the results are expressed as a percentage relative to vehicle-treated cells, and are analyzed by t test. Data represent mean ± SEM. (E) Absolute quantification of viral RNA released from SARS-CoV-2-infected Huh7.5 (left) or Calu3 (right) cells (MOI 0.1) treated with DMSO (vehicle) or GSK199 (20 μM), either using standard treatment (total) or added at 2 hpi (Post), determined by qRT-PCR. Supernatants are collected at 24 hpi for Calu3 and 48 hpi for Huh7.5. Data represent mean ± SEM from three independent experiments and are analyzed by t test. ∗ p < 0.05 and ∗∗ p < 0.01.

Figure Legend Snippet: PAD4 inhibition blocks SARS-CoV-2 protein and genome synthesis (A) Relative viral RNA quantification in cell extracts from SARS-CoV-2-infected Huh7.5 (left) or Calu3 (right) cells (MOI 0.1) treated with GSK199 (20 μM), BB-Cl (5 μM), or DMSO, determined by comparative RT-qPCR. Values are expressed relative to vehicle-treated samples and normalized to the housekeeping gene PGK1. Data represent mean ± SEM from three independent experiments and are analyzed by t test. ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, and ∗∗∗ p < 0.001. (B) Western blot analysis of viral protein expression in Huh7.5 and Calu3 cells, either mock-infected or infected with SARS-CoV-2 (MOI 0.1) and treated with GSK199 (20 μM), BB-Cl (5 μM), or DMSO. One representative blot from three independent experiments is shown. (C) Schematic representation of infection and treatment protocols used for the viral entry inhibition assay. (D) Viral entry assay on VERO-E6 (left) and TMPRSS2-rexpressing VERO-E6 (right) infected with VSV-Spike GFP (MOI 1). GFP-positive infected cells are microscopically counted, and the results are expressed as a percentage relative to vehicle-treated cells, and are analyzed by t test. Data represent mean ± SEM. (E) Absolute quantification of viral RNA released from SARS-CoV-2-infected Huh7.5 (left) or Calu3 (right) cells (MOI 0.1) treated with DMSO (vehicle) or GSK199 (20 μM), either using standard treatment (total) or added at 2 hpi (Post), determined by qRT-PCR. Supernatants are collected at 24 hpi for Calu3 and 48 hpi for Huh7.5. Data represent mean ± SEM from three independent experiments and are analyzed by t test. ∗ p < 0.05 and ∗∗ p < 0.01.

Techniques Used: Inhibition, Infection, Quantitative RT-PCR, Western Blot, Expressing, Quantitative Proteomics

Membrane:

Article Title: Effects of the N-Butanol Extract of Pulsatilla Decoction on Neutrophils in a Mouse Model of Ulcerative Colitis
Article Snippet: .. The membrane was blocked with 5% non-fat milk powder for 2 h and then the membranes were incubated with rabbit anti-mouse PAD4 (1:1000), rabbit anti-mouse citrullinated histone H3 (Cit H3; 1:1000; catalog number 00057440; Proteintech Group), rabbit anti-mouse MPO (1:5000), and rabbit anti-mouse β-actin (1:10,000; catalog number 380624; Chengdu Zhengneng Biotechnology Co., Ltd.) antibodies overnight at 4 °C. ..

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Journal: iScience

Article Title: Targeting peptidyl-arginine deiminase 4 suppresses SARS-CoV-2 replication and modulates the inflammatory response

doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2026.115038

Figure Lengend Snippet: PAD expression in vivo and in vitro after SARS-CoV-2 infection (A) Volcano plot relative to the reanalysis of transcriptomic data from ten studies of healthy lungs and four studies of patients with COVID-19 (Delorey et al.). (B and C) Calu3 cells are infected with 2020B.1 (MOI 0.01), Delta (MOI 0.01), or Omicron (MOI 0.01) SARS-CoV-2 variants, and PAD4 (B) and PAD2 (C) mRNA are assessed by RT-qPCR. Data are normalized to the housekeeping gene PGK1 and expressed as mean fold change ±SEM over mock-infected cells of three independent experiments. ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, and ∗∗∗ p < 0.001; one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s post-test. (D) Protein lysates from Calu3 infected with SARS-CoV-2 (2020B.1 variant, MOI 0.1 PFU/cell) or uninfected cells (mock) at different hours post-infection (hpi) are analyzed for citrullinated proteins using an Rh-PG citrulline-specific probe (left panel) or an anti-CCP antibody (right panel). Samples are subjected to gel electrophoresis, and SARS-CoV-2 infection is confirmed using an anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S SARS-CoV-2) antibody. β-actin is used as a loading control. One representative blot of three independent experiments is shown. (E) Volcano plot depicts host (gray dots) and viral (red dots) citrullinated proteins of SARS-infected vs. mock-infected cells at 48 hpi (2020B.1 variant, MOI 0.1 PFU/cell). The x axis represents the ratio of citrullination between mock and infected cells at the indicated time points, while the y axis indicates the statistical significance. Both variables are plotted on a logarithmic scale ( n = 3). (F) PANTHER classification of over-citrullinated cellular proteins based on protein classes.

Article Snippet: The following primary antibodies were sequentially applied to the slides: SARS-CoV-1/2 Spike Protein (clone 2B3E5, Cell Signaling), mouse anti-mouse β-tubulin IV (clone T7941, Merck), rat anti-mouse F4/80 (clone CI:A3-1, Bio-Rad Laboratories), rabbit anti-mouse PAD2 (polyclonal, Proteintech), rabbit anti-mouse PAD4 (polyclonal, Proteintech), rabbit anti-mouse Ly6g (clone EPR22909-135, Abcam), rat anti-mouse CD3 (clone CD3-12, Abcam), and rabbit anti-mouse cytokeratin 8 (clone EP1628Y, Abcam).

Techniques: Expressing, In Vivo, In Vitro, Infection, Quantitative RT-PCR, Variant Assay, Nucleic Acid Electrophoresis, Control

Journal: iScience

Article Title: Targeting peptidyl-arginine deiminase 4 suppresses SARS-CoV-2 replication and modulates the inflammatory response

doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2026.115038

Figure Lengend Snippet: SARS-CoV-2 infection affects protein citrullination by modulating PAD expression in vivo (A and B) PAD4 and PAD2 mRNA expression in mouse lungs (A) and brains (B) assessed by RT-qPCR. Each dot represents an individual mouse sample ( n = 6). Data are normalized to the housekeeping gene β-actin and presented relative to one randomly selected non-infected sample. Data represent mean ± SEM. Statistical significance is determined using non parametric t test, ∗ p < 0.05. (C) Western blot analysis of protein lysates from pooled uninfected (mock) and SARS-CoV-2-infected (6 dpi, Delta variant) mouse lungs and brains. The analysis is performed using antibodies against PAD2, PAD4, and β-actin, the latter to ensure equal loading. A representative blot from three independent experiments is shown. (D) Multiplex immunofluorescence staining for the detection of SARS-CoV-2-targeted cells in mouse brains and lung sections at 6 dpi and mock control. S SARS-CoV-2 protein, PAD2, and PAD4 positive signals are represented in green, pink, and yellow, respectively. Cell nuclei are visualized by DAPI (blue). Original magnification 20×. (E) Quantification of PAD2-and PAD4-positive cells is performed using the inForm Image Analysis software (Akoya Biosciences). For each mouse ( n = 6), one representative section is analyzed to determine cell density (cells/mm 2 ). Data represent mean ± SEM. Statistical significance is determined using non parametric t test, ∗ p < 0.05. (F) Volcano plot shows citrullinated proteins in pooled protein lysates from SARS-CoV-2-infected vs. mock-infected mouse lungs at 6 dpi. Lysates are incubated with biotin-PG to isolate citrullinated proteins on streptavidin agarose, followed by on-bead tryptic digestion and LC-MS/MS analysis. Each dot represents an identified citrullinated protein. The x axis shows the citrullination ratio between mock and infected samples, and the y axis indicates statistical significance, both on a logarithmic scale ( n = 3). (G) PANTHER classification of over-citrullinated cellular proteins based on protein classes.

Techniques: Infection, Expressing, In Vivo, Quantitative RT-PCR, Western Blot, Variant Assay, Multiplex Assay, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Control, Software, Incubation, Liquid Chromatography with Mass Spectroscopy

Journal: iScience

Article Title: Targeting peptidyl-arginine deiminase 4 suppresses SARS-CoV-2 replication and modulates the inflammatory response

doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2026.115038

Figure Lengend Snippet: PAD4 inhibition blocks SARS-CoV-2 protein and genome synthesis (A) Relative viral RNA quantification in cell extracts from SARS-CoV-2-infected Huh7.5 (left) or Calu3 (right) cells (MOI 0.1) treated with GSK199 (20 μM), BB-Cl (5 μM), or DMSO, determined by comparative RT-qPCR. Values are expressed relative to vehicle-treated samples and normalized to the housekeeping gene PGK1. Data represent mean ± SEM from three independent experiments and are analyzed by t test. ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, and ∗∗∗ p < 0.001. (B) Western blot analysis of viral protein expression in Huh7.5 and Calu3 cells, either mock-infected or infected with SARS-CoV-2 (MOI 0.1) and treated with GSK199 (20 μM), BB-Cl (5 μM), or DMSO. One representative blot from three independent experiments is shown. (C) Schematic representation of infection and treatment protocols used for the viral entry inhibition assay. (D) Viral entry assay on VERO-E6 (left) and TMPRSS2-rexpressing VERO-E6 (right) infected with VSV-Spike GFP (MOI 1). GFP-positive infected cells are microscopically counted, and the results are expressed as a percentage relative to vehicle-treated cells, and are analyzed by t test. Data represent mean ± SEM. (E) Absolute quantification of viral RNA released from SARS-CoV-2-infected Huh7.5 (left) or Calu3 (right) cells (MOI 0.1) treated with DMSO (vehicle) or GSK199 (20 μM), either using standard treatment (total) or added at 2 hpi (Post), determined by qRT-PCR. Supernatants are collected at 24 hpi for Calu3 and 48 hpi for Huh7.5. Data represent mean ± SEM from three independent experiments and are analyzed by t test. ∗ p < 0.05 and ∗∗ p < 0.01.

Techniques: Inhibition, Infection, Quantitative RT-PCR, Western Blot, Expressing, Quantitative Proteomics

Figure 5. ONL PR counts and retinal PAD4 immunofluorescence staining. IVT NAP1051 adminis- tration promotes PR preservation in a dosage-dependent manner (A), which was correlated with PR counts (B). Adjacent histological sections were stained with anti-PAD4 (red) antibodies and DAPI (blue) (C), which showed reduced retinal PAD4 fluorescence intensity (D). Data represented as median ± 95% CI, * p < 0.05, Kruskal–Wallis with Dunn’s correction.

Journal: International journal of molecular sciences

Article Title: Loss of 15-Lipoxygenase in Retinodegenerative RCS Rats.

doi: 10.3390/ijms25042309

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 5. ONL PR counts and retinal PAD4 immunofluorescence staining. IVT NAP1051 adminis- tration promotes PR preservation in a dosage-dependent manner (A), which was correlated with PR counts (B). Adjacent histological sections were stained with anti-PAD4 (red) antibodies and DAPI (blue) (C), which showed reduced retinal PAD4 fluorescence intensity (D). Data represented as median ± 95% CI, * p < 0.05, Kruskal–Wallis with Dunn’s correction.

Article Snippet: PAD4 rabbit anti-mouse primary antibody (Proteintech, Sankt Leon-Rot, Germany, Cat. # 17373-1-AP), H3Cit polyclonal rabbit anti-mouse (Abcam, Cambridge, UK, Cat. # ab5103), and MDA polyclonal rabbit anti-mouse (Abcam, Cambridge, UK, Cat. # ab27642) primary antibodies were diluted in blocking buffer and added to each retina and incubated overnight at 4 ◦C.

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Staining, Preserving, Fluorescence

Figure 9. Effects on rd10 mice treated with NAP1051. rd10 mice treated with NAP1051 from p15 to p26 showed ONL preservation on OCT (arrows) and H&E on p26 (A). NAP1051 was able to preserve ONL thickness (B) and PR counts (C). OCT-FAF showed NAP1051 reduced hyperpigmentation on p26 (D,E). Correlations between the ONL PR counts and FAF hyperpigmentation were evaluated and demonstrated a negative linear correlation (R2 = 0.9) where fewer hyperpigmentation spots were correlated to increased ONL PR nuclei (F). Retinal PAD4 immunofluorescence staining was reduced for animals treated with 37.5 mg/kg/BID (G) corresponding with reduced retinal H3Cit, but not to a statistically significant level (H). The oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) was statisti- cally significantly reduced at the 37.5 mg/kg/BID dosage (I). Data represented as median ± 95% CI, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn’s correction. The number of PRs in the ONL and hyperpigmentation spots seen in FAF were enumerated using ImageJ/FIJI (ver 2.3.0).

Journal: International journal of molecular sciences

Article Title: Loss of 15-Lipoxygenase in Retinodegenerative RCS Rats.

doi: 10.3390/ijms25042309

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 9. Effects on rd10 mice treated with NAP1051. rd10 mice treated with NAP1051 from p15 to p26 showed ONL preservation on OCT (arrows) and H&E on p26 (A). NAP1051 was able to preserve ONL thickness (B) and PR counts (C). OCT-FAF showed NAP1051 reduced hyperpigmentation on p26 (D,E). Correlations between the ONL PR counts and FAF hyperpigmentation were evaluated and demonstrated a negative linear correlation (R2 = 0.9) where fewer hyperpigmentation spots were correlated to increased ONL PR nuclei (F). Retinal PAD4 immunofluorescence staining was reduced for animals treated with 37.5 mg/kg/BID (G) corresponding with reduced retinal H3Cit, but not to a statistically significant level (H). The oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) was statisti- cally significantly reduced at the 37.5 mg/kg/BID dosage (I). Data represented as median ± 95% CI, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn’s correction. The number of PRs in the ONL and hyperpigmentation spots seen in FAF were enumerated using ImageJ/FIJI (ver 2.3.0).

Techniques: Preserving, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Marker

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rabbit anti mouse pad4 (Proteintech)

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1) Product Images from "Targeting peptidyl-arginine deiminase 4 suppresses SARS-CoV-2 replication and modulates the inflammatory response"

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